Originally Posted by The Oracle of Wikipedia
Nike (originally known as Blue Ribbon Sports), was founded by University of Oregon track athlete Phil Knight and his coach Bill Bowerman in January 1964 (Yahoo finance NKE profile page as of Jan. 2 2008). The company initially operated as a distributor for Japanese shoe maker Onitsuka Tiger, making most sales at track meets out of Knight's car. Many top Oregon runners began wearing the shoes, and the shoe's popularity grew quickly. The company's first self-designed product was based on Bowerman's "waffle" design in which the sole of the shoe was made by the pattern of a waffle iron.
The company's profits grew quickly, and in 1966, BRS opened its first retail store, located on Pico Blvd. in Santa Monica, Calif. In 1974, with the relationship between BRS and Onitsuka Tiger nearing an end, BRS prepared to launch its own line of footwear, which would bear the newly designed Swoosh. [Sources: 'Swoosh' by J.B. Strasser and 'Just Do It' by Donald Katz.]
The first shoe to carry this design that was sold to the public was a soccer/football cleat named "Nike," which was released in the summer of 1971."